Tuesday, 28 January 2014

Morogoro, Tanzania's Secret Revelation

With the final ceremony of the passing of Nelson Mandela now behind us, the transformation of the great statesman and humanitarian from man to legend will gather momentum, and rightfully so.  When the physical presence of someone of Madiba’s stature is no more, attention shifts to the geographical places where that person was born, lived and died, as well as the places where some of his or her most epic feats were accomplished.  In Mandela’s case this process has already begun, and thousands of tourists visit his house in Vilikazi Street, Soweto and his cell on Robben Island every year, and the village of Qunu where he grew up and is buried has joined that group of illustrious sites that honour his memory.  There are other lesser known, but hugely significant, places on this earth that have felt the presence of arguably the world’s greatest statesman, and a month ago I was privileged enough to visit one of them.

              The Solomon Mahlangu Nursery School, Morogoro

On a wall in the Solomon Mahlangu Nursery School in Morogoro, Tanzania there stands a mural featuring a white dove and the message “there shall be peace and friendship”, and beneath this a black child and white child hold each other’s hands while they wave the unmistakable black, green and yellow flag of the African National Congress.  I was there to visit the school and plant a food garden, and like most white South Africans who had been educated under apartheid I had a very limited knowledge of the history of the ANC and the struggle to liberate South Africa.  But there was no mistaking the colours on the mural and the message above it.  The mural might as well have been a graffito saying “Mandela was here.”

Like a good historian I did my research, and like a good anthropologist I explored the location to discover more.  Morogoro is a small, bustling city about a hundred miles inland from Dar es Salaam, nestled against the Uluguru Mountains that tower above the city in jagged green magnificence.  In this spectacular setting the residents of Morogoro are in many ways an embodiment of the new Tanzania.  Proudly Tanzanian and African, they are hardworking and innovative and live by strong codes of social justice and hospitality.  In Morogoro, as is the case across Tanzania, a guest must always leave your care in better shape than they arrived in, which in our case meant leaving town with our vehicle overflowing with samosas, mandazis, vitumbua and a dozen bottles of Konyagi gin, thanks to our incredibly kind and generous hosts.

The warmth, dignity and generosity of the Tanzanian people must have deeply impressed Mandela when he visited the country in 1962, shortly before his arrest and imprisonment.  As President Jikaya Kikwete mentioned at Madiba’s funeral this week, he left his boots behind, intending to return for them when his African tour was complete (he ended up only getting them back in 1995).  Although I could find no evidence that the great man actually visited Morogoro during his visit, it was in Morogoro that the legacy of his time in Tanzania would live on.  In 1969, with much of the senior leadership imprisoned and the movement in a certain amount of disarray, a new generation of South African freedom fighters convened in Morogoro to chart a new way forward.  They included people like Oliver Tambo, Joe Slovo, Alfred Nzo and Moses Mabhida, names now familiar to most South Africans.  Without going into too much detail on a very fascinating but complex topic, it was at the Morogoro conference that the liberation movement finally and formally recognised the role that non-black South Africans were playing in the struggle, and acknowledged the role that people of all races, even the whites, would have to play in a post-apartheid South Africa.  It was in Morogoro that the African National Congress, to a certain extent, turned its back on African nationalism.  As a white South African, it was at the site of this educational complex at the foot of the Uluguru Mountains in far away Tanzania that the course that enabled the life and freedoms I enjoy today was charted.  It is a humbling thought.

This chapter of Morogoro’s history is not commemorated in grandiose plaques or monuments – in a country where tourism is still all about wildlife, Kilimanjaro and beaches the idea that mzungu tourists would be interested in the history of the struggle against apartheid has not quite caught on yet.  Hopefully that will change soon, but the Tanzanians are well aware of the role they played in the struggle and will gladly chat about it once you bring it up.  In some ways the fact that Morogoro’s historical significance requires interaction with the locals to uncover is deeply appropriate.  The city was founded by escaped slaves from Zanzibar in the nineteenth century, and the legacy of liberty lives on in the openness, dignity and pride of the people.

             Lupanga Peak looms above a small farm on the outskirts of Morogoro

When the hustle and bustle of the city gets too much for you, the mountains beckon.  The Ulugurus are part of Tanzania’s Eastern Arc mountain range, one of the world’s most pristine and unique ecosystems, and are draped in rainforest that plays host to many species found nowhere else on earth.  It takes a demanding but rewarding seven hours to reach Lupanga Peak (2150m) but you don’t have to go all the way up.  Look out for colobus monkeys and three-horned chameleons, while twitchers can look out for three species endemic to the Ulugurus - the Uluguru Bush Shrike (Malaconotus alius), the Loveridge’s Sunbird (Cynnyris loveridgei) and the Uluguru Grey-throated Mountain Greenbul (Arizelocichla neumanni).  There are several spectacular waterfalls, and many viewpoints from where you can look down on a city that in many ways embodies modern Tanzania – rewarding, prosperous, proudly African and free.

Details and other things to do in Morogoro:
The Solomon Mahlangu Nursery School is within the larger Solomon Mahlangu Campus, which is in turn one of the four campuses of the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA).  In addition to the historical angle the SUA is also famous as the headquarters of the HeroRats research programme, in which African Pouched Rats are trained to detect landmines and, more recently, tuberculosis.  More information on the SUA is available at www.suanet.ac.tz and you can find out more about the HeroRats (and even adopt one!) at www.apopo.org/en/.  If you would like to visit the Solomon Mahlangu Campus itself contact headmaster Moses Achimpota at achimpotamoses@yahoo.com.

To arrange a Morogoro city tour, cultural experiences and excursions up the Ulugurus, contact Chilunga Cultural Tourism (http://www.chilunga.or.tz/).  Chilunga is a registered charity that ensures all the proceeds from your visit go to supporting the sustainable livelihoods of the local communities, and they know the city and the mountains like nobody else.  You can book your tours online, and they can also help you arrange accommodation in Morogoro.

Morogoro has a great atmosphere, which is shaped by the contrast of the old German colonial architecture and well-planned street layout with the chaotic but friendly informality of modern Tanzania.  The climate is usually warm but a lot cooler than on the coast, so walking around the city is a pleasant and engaging experience.  The Main Market has the best selection of fresh produce in Tanzania, the size and variety of fruits in particular is astounding.  When you’ve had enough, head to the Rumbo White Bar (any taxi will know where it is) for the best nyama choma (grilled meat) and Chips Mayai (chip omelette) in town, washed down with Kilimanjaro beer or, if you’re feeling frisky, local Konyagi gin.  Watch the football and laugh with the locals well into the night.

              Enjoying a lunch of Chips Mayai

About an hours’ drive southwest is the Mikumi National Park, where you can get the Big Five wildlife experience without the hassle, crowding and exorbitant prices of the Serengeti.  A little further down the road is the more remote and challenging but hugely rewarding Udzungwa Mountains National Park, one of the world’s top biodiversity hotspots.  For more information on these and other parks in the region check out the TanParks website http://www.tanzaniaparks.com.

Getting there:

Morogoro does not have a commercial airport, but good quality bus links from Dar es Salaam are available for about $5.  Sandinavia Express and Sumatra are the most reputable and reliable companies, and the journey takes about two hours.  A number of airlines offer flights into Dar es Salaam from all over the world. 

By Matt Angus-Hammond (@T2T_Matt)

Monday, 6 January 2014

6 of the best: African Inland Beaches

A day at the beach is a classic and favourite getaway, but let’s face it, it has its drawbacks.  The sand, sun and water combination is what we go for, but in most seaside locations the wind blows sand in your face, the waves pound you into a pulp and the salt burns your eyes.  A different type of beach beckons – Africa has some of the world’s largest and most beautiful lakes, and most of these lakes have great beaches that offer sand, sun and water without the salt and seaside weather.  As an additional bonus, they are often set in amazing landscapes and near some amazing cultural and wildlife destinations.  So grab your bucket, spade, towel and sunblock and head inland…


1.    Chikale Beach, Nkhata Bay, Lake Malawi, Malawi
Lake Malawi, or the “Lake of Stars”, is a massive, pristine, crystal clear inland sea almost 600km long which is home to more species of fish than any other body of fresh water in the world.  It gives the landlocked country of Malawi one of Africa’s longest coastlines, and the small town of Nkhata Bay, about halfway up the lake shore, is the most popular destination.  It is a delightfully relaxed and stunningly beautiful place, but be careful – after a couple of days here all the pressures and commitments of real life seem very far away, and you’ll be bargaining with yourself about ways to extend your stay.  Nkhata Bay is full of people who came on holiday twenty years ago and never went back!  Malawians are exceptionally warm and friendly, and even a quick dip in the lake will have you surrounded by brilliantly coloured fish found nowhere else on earth.


Best for: Snorkelling, chilling out
Nearby attractions: The surprisingly massive Anglican cathedral on Likoma Island, horse-riding and mountain biking at Nyika National Park.  Ask at your lodge or around town for details.
Getting there: The nearest city is Mzuzu, about 50km away.  Regular buses run from Blantyre and Lilongwe to Mzuzu, taking six to eight hours.  A new ferry service began operation in November 2013 so check this out for a unique way to travel.


2.    Matema, Lake Nyasa, Tanzania


Head north along the lake shore from Nkhata Bay and in about five hours you cross the border into Tanzania, where Lake Malawi is known as Lake Nyasa.  The only Tanzanian village on the lake is Matema, a sleepy little place wedged between the lake and the Livingstonia Mountains.  There is nowhere near the same level of tourism development here, but the beach makes up for it – a huge expanse of perfect sand fringed by palm trees and mountains that seem to leap out of the water right in front of you.  Being less tourist-oriented it takes some time and effort to uncover the area’s attractions, but they are worth it.  Or you can just relax on the beach…

Best for: Exploring, solitude
Nearby attractions : Hikes to several nearby waterfalls, as well as boat trips to the Nakyala Ritual Cave.  Contact Newton Weston at EnviCulture to arrange activities
Getting there: Matema can either be accessed from the south through Malawi by boat or bus, or from the north via the Tanzanian city of Mbeya.  Flights are available from Dar es Salaam to Songwe airport near Mbeya, from where it is an hour or so to Matema.  The bus direct from Dar es Salaam takes about 12 hours.


3.    Mahale Mountains, Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania
Lake Tanganyika is Africa’s deepest lake, and vies with Lake Malawi as the most beautiful.  They are the two most southerly Rift Valley lakes, and have similar characteristics – fringed by forest-covered mountains that plummet straight down into deep, clear waters teeming with tropical fish.  Tanganyika is the more remote, extreme and mysterious of the two.  Most of its 700km east coast belongs to Tanzania, and about halfway up a cluster of forest-cloaked mountains jut out into the lake, creating the Mahale Mountains National Park.  This is one of the few places in the world where you can see chimpanzees in the wild, and it is fringed with some of Africa’s best beaches to boot.


Best for: Wildlife, snorkelling
Stay at: There are 4 very luxurious private lodges with price tags to match: Kungwe Beach LodgeGreystoke Mahale CampFlycatcher Mahale Camp and Nkungwe Luxury Tented Camp
The TANAPA camp and best option for the budget conscious: KasihaCamp 
Nearby attractions: The Mahale Mountains National Park is primarily a chimpanzee sanctuary, but there are also rare baboon and monkey species as well as big game to be seen.  Mahale has no roads to speak of so walking and boating are the only ways to get around the park.   
Getting there: There are flights into Kigoma from Dar es Salaam every day, and from there you can fly (45 minutes), take a boat (4-7 hours) or board the historic MV Liemba ferry (10 hours) to Mahale.  Arrange transport and activities with your accommodation establishment before you travel.


4.    Ssese Islands, Lake Victoria, Uganda


Lake Victoria is the second largest body of fresh water on earth, a staggering 340km across, with over 4000km of lake shore.  Unlike the Rift Valley lakes, Victoria is relatively shallow and surrounded by hills and floodplains rather than mountains, and millions of people live around its shores.  Getting away from the crowds can be a bit of a challenge, but the Ssese Islands in the Ugandan part of the lake are a tranquil haven for intrepid travellers.  There are 84 islands in total, with at least ten different accommodation establishments that provide great places to relax and contemplate the sheer size and magnificence of this huge inland sea.  When the sun goes down, Kalangala Bay on Buggala Island brings out the party, but in a delightfully low key way.

Best for: Nightlife, relaxing
Stay at: Most accommodation is on Buggala Island, the largest in the archipelago: Ssese Islands Beach Hotel; MirembeBeach Resort 
If you’re feeling like taking the off the beaten track thing a little further, head for the unforgettable Banda Island 
Nearby attractions: You’ll be far away from everything except the islands, but if you get bored of the one you’re on you can always take a boat trip to the next one…
Getting there: Several ferries transport people and goods from the islands to Entebbe, which is conveniently the location of Uganda’s international airport.  Water taxis and small boats connect the islands to each other.


5.    Gisenyi, Lake Kivu, Rwanda
Rwanda is another landlocked African country that, thanks to the region’s unique geography, has a beautiful coastline.  The country’s thousand hills end abruptly at Lake Kivu, another Rift Valley lake and one of the most dramatic.  At the northern end of the lake is the town of Gisenyi, where you can relax on the beach with a cocktail with a panoramic view of an active volcano (Mount Nyiragongo).  Like the rest of Rwanda Gisenyi is refreshingly hassle-free and well organised by central African standards, and a few days on the beach is a great way to finish off a gorilla safari in the nearby Volcanoes National Park.


Best for: Photography, bird watching, gorillas.
Nearby attractions: Rwanda offers incredible gorilla tracking experiences at the nearby Volcanoes National Park, its expensive and requires booking well in advance but is a once in a lifetime experience.  There are lots of tour companies online, the Rwanda Development Board is a good place to start. Depending on the security situation just across the border in the DR Congo, it may be possible to arrange an excursion to visit or even climb Mount Nyiragongo – check with your accommodation establishment.
Getting there: It takes about 3 hours and $10 to get to Gisenyi from Kigali on Rwanda’s very safe and reliable public bus system, the views are spectacular, get a window seat on the right. There may also be flights from Kigali but these are currently suspended.  Kigali International Airport has links to many international hubs. 

6.    Eliye Springs, Lake Turkana, Kenya


Lake Turkana is the most northerly Rift Valley lake, also called the Jade Sea.  It is an otherworldly destination miles from anywhere, on the border between Ethiopia and Kenya, with palm trees, a volcanic desert landscape, ever-changing waters and deeply traditional local people.  It will make you feel like you’ve dropped into an episode of the Arabian Nights.  Very few travellers make it this far into the wilderness, but the ones that do gather at Eliye Springs on the lake’s western shore to sip cool drinks, watch the burnished copper sun go down over the Jade Sea and swap tall tales about how they got there.

Best for: Adventure, solitude, culture.
Nearby attractions: Two of the lake’s three large islands are accessible, weather permitting, from Eliye Springs.  Both are national parks and offer spectacular scenery, lots of crocodiles (don’t go swimming) and occasional volcanic activity.  The Lake Turkana Cultural Festival happens at the lake’s southern end each May.
Getting there: Flight from Nairobi to Lodwar, then the resort will come and collect you.  Alternatively, catch the bus from Nairobi via Kitale and Lodwar, then hire a taxi to take you to Eliye Springs.

By Matt Angus-Hammond (@T2T_Matt)